Sustaining gains and scaling up
Scaling up is perceived as a natural and almost organic process. If things are done well, people – whether beneficiaries or interested outsiders will take it up on a wider scale. Change leaders too, typically opt for wider rather than narrower impact. Donors too, while making investment decisions, fund initiatives in which they feel there is potential for success or long term utility.
However, it is learnt that there need to be conscious efforts made, useful strategies in place to make it happen. Therefore, there are many who also believe scaling up in neither simplistic nor straightforward. There have been numerous innovative, ecological experiences of farmers and programmes oriented towards farmers’ development.
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6 - 9written by Dr. G.V. Ramanjaneyulu , Zakir Hussain , M.S. Chari , T.A.V.S. Raghunath , Kavitha KurugantiTwo decades of experience in Andhra Pradesh on Non Pesticidal Management shows that pest is a symptom of ecological disturbance rather than a cause and can be effectively managed by using local resources and timely action. The small success from few villages was scaled up into more than 1.5 million ha in three years. This experience also shows how the grassroot extension system when managed by the community can bring in change and help the farming community to come out of the crisis.
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10 - 12written by N.R. Umesh , A.B.C. Mohan , G. Ravibabu , P.A. Padiyar , M.J. Phillips , C.V. Mohan , B.V. BhatImplementation of simple and locally relevant management strategies have reduced disease risks in shrimp farms significantly. Farmers have been able to sustain shrimp farming and gain multiple benefits by working collectively as a group. Active involvement and contribution of the many players involved in the sector is key to shrimp farming sustainability.
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13 - 14written by Chris Reij
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15 - 17written by Sangeetha PatilFarm practices, even with inherent merits, are often difficult to spread over a large area. It is much more challenging for a practice like SRI to be tried and scaled up under rainfed conditions. In such situations, a well planned strategy is required.
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18 - 20written by Luc Laviolette , Venkatesh MannarEffective interventions aimed at reducing under-nutrition need to be implemented at sufficient scale to be able to make an impact. There is now growing recognition in the nutrition field that the challenge ahead is much less about scientific research than it is about the operational and management challenges of a scaling-up process. Two examples of scale-up of nutrition interventions presented here highlight the factors influencing successful upscaling.
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21 - 23written by Jorge Chavez-TafurInterview – Parviz Koohafkan
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24 - 26written by J. JamesA demand based, community-managed and conservation-focused approach was envisioned to bring about a reform at the sectoral level. However, the large scale programme faced a set back when factors like people’s participation and community ownership were ignored. This experience brings forth a lot of lessons to be learnt before implementing such large people centered projects.
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27 - 29written by J P Tripathi , Kirit JessaniTechnological interventions to be successful need to be supported with human resource development. AKRSP(I) adopted a model of preparing rural entrepreneurs in handling and maintaining water saving devices towards conserving ground water.
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30 - 30written by Benedikt HaerlinOne step is not enough
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31 - 32Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, a pioneer public sector research institute has piloted the innovative method of rice cultivation called SRI. It has spread SRI over a large area in the irrigated rice systems of Tamil Nadu through well designed strategies for upscaling.
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33 - 33written by L. Narayana ReddyIntegrated agriculture for sustainable gains
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36 - 36written by José María ZeberioThe preparations for the Campaign in favour of the declaration by the UN of an International Year of Family Farming began in February, 2008, in Rome (after the celebration of the Farming Forum, promoted by the IFAD) and now counts on the official support of more than 270 farmers and organisations from different continents - Africa, America, Asia and Europe. The celebration of an International Year dedicated to family farming would create a unique opportunity to develop means, which would assure in the medium and long term, a prosperous and sustainable family agriculture development and, as a result, in the rural areas on all the continents, especially, in the developing countries.
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